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Spatial separation of the traveling and evanescent parts of dipole radiation

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Abstract

Electric dipole radiation consists of traveling and evanescent plane waves. When radiation is detected in the far field, only the traveling waves will contribute to the intensity distribution, as the evanescent waves decay exponentially. We propose a method to spatially separate the traveling and evanescent waves before detection. It is shown that when the radiation passes through an interface, evanescent waves can be converted into traveling waves and can subsequently be observed in the far field. Let the radiation be observed under angle θt with the normal. Then there exists an angle θac such that for 0θt<θac all intensity originates in traveling waves, whereas for θac<θt<π/2 only evanescent waves contribute. It is shown that with this technique and under the appropriate conditions almost all far-field power can be provided by evanescent waves.

© 2003 Optical Society of America

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